Our products are widely recognized and trusted by users and can meet continuously changing economic and social needs for Movie Theater Chairs,Theater Room Chairs,Red Theater Chairs,Theater Lounge Chairs,Lounge Chair Theater.Our tenet is "Reasonable prices, efficient production time and best service" We hope to cooperate with more customers for mutual development and benefits. The product will supply to all over the world, such asSlovenia ,Kenya ,Mauritius ,Pakistan ,Angola ,Being the top solutions of our factory, our solutions series have been tested and won us experienced authority certifications. For additional parameters and item list details, please click the button to acquire additional nformation.
Theater architects are looking forward to the design of the post-pandemic world.
Grabbing the phone with e-tickets and travel affidavits, we joined the outdoor team of theater audiences wearing masks. We are no longer at a loss, don't go in the door. We waited impatiently six feet away from the former customer until we approached the door of the motion sensor. We put the transparent plastic wallet on the safety table, walked through the metal detector, smiled at the thermal imager, and stepped on the hand sanitizer.
Only then did we take out the tickets, put on the gloves, scanned them, and walked into the lobby. We calculate the way to reach the selected seat, cushioning with vacancies from all sides to separate the next group. When we sat in our seats, the sterile doctor's office paper was crumpled, but it was still full of preservatives. Finally, we settled down and watched Romeo and Juliet fall in love from the other end of the stage.
After the pandemic, is this what we expect?
Joshua Dachs, head of Fisher Dachs Associates, a theater planning and design company in New York, said: "It makes everyone uneasy." "No one knows how long it will last or what it will become afterwards."
There is no doubt that the design and construction of the Performing Arts Center will be affected by the COVID-19 crisis, just like other historical threats to theater audiences. Around the turn of the 20th century, the theater fire caused asbestos fire curtains to cover the stage and metal fire escapes on the outer wall of Broadway. of
It gave birth to new building ventilation codes and standards. The 9/11 terrorist attacks temporarily prevented customers from buying tickets in advance, and the threat of active shooting also led to theaters
Unable to deal with violence on stage.
The theater field will also withstand the current threats, but in the fight to alleviate the new fears of customers, the theater field may experience structural and operational changes.
A theater that was once revered for intricate architectural details and dense velvet decoration, or
, They will soon be judged on their surface disinfection and easy-to-clean surfaces. Gone are the days of first staying on the gilded ceiling. As returning customers seek guarantees to ensure the cleanliness of public places, biosecurity will soon become the most admired exhibition.
Architect Scott Wilson predicts that hand sanitizer and sinks will be added everywhere. The founder and director of Wilson Butler Architects, a company specializing in arts and entertainment architecture, compares the changes in the theater entrance experience to the circulation routes on a cruise ship.
Wilson said: "Cruise ships are currently offspring of the coronavirus, but in reality, they are not more vulnerable than stadiums, economic centers or theaters," he described the handwashing vestibule that separates the rooms on the ship. He hopes to incorporate measures to prevent the spread of diseases into the way customers enter performance venues, which requires larger hall space or outdoor sanitary conditions. He said: "There will be a procedural thing that must be adapted by the architecture."
The proposed addition of handwashing stations and health check areas means that the theater hall will have to be increased. In fact, the entire theater building will have to grow. If social distancing becomes a common phenomenon, theaters will need more space to line up in the lobby, around the box office, bars and toilets. Not to mention seats in the auditorium. However, if a theater only sells other seats, leaving a space between each customer, they will lose more than just the audience and ticket revenue. They will also lose the collective energy of the audience's full response.
In short, they will lose the community.
"When the performance begins, the silence of the audience or the sound of laughter or gasping around the audience when a dramatic event occurs on stage is really exciting for being in a performance space," Byron Harrison of Partner and Acoustics Principles Said to be a member of Charcoalblue, an international theater, acoustics and digital consulting service company. Harrison said he was worried that separating seats would endanger the natural response.
"If we have to stay away from socializing in the theater, just too far away from other smiling people, it would be too subtle and took a quick breath. If we really want these spaces, then we should avoid this kind of thing. It’s exciting to live," Harrison said.
On the stage, the audience's reaction or lack of reaction is perceptible. In a theater far from society, performers not only have to tell stories, but they do not need to interact closely with each other. They will also pay attention to the number of empty seats.
Mobile furniture and architectural innovation provide design flexibility.
The Chicago Shakespeare Theatre, designed by Charcoalblue and Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture, can accommodate 150 to 850 spectators, including movable seats and 9 flexible seat towers. Performers after the pandemic may see only sold seats, and despite the large number of spectators, they have created a full-view house.
However, since the existing theaters are unlikely to take half of the seats and store them between the wigs of the previous season, we may seek other disease prevention solutions besides social evacuation, especially for withdrawal Stage performers and behind-the-scenes employees step onto the stage and squeeze into the shared dressing room, compact practice space and flooded clothing store, as well as orchestra members sitting in the spitting and shared air.
Another solution might be non-contact fixtures and easy-to-clean surfaces. Although it is relatively easy to use motion sensor substitutes to replace sink handles, soap dispensers, hand dryers, and even door handles, some architectural features must be touched. To prevent diseases from spreading through shared surfaces, designers can replace functions such as stair handrails and seat armrests with materials that can be easily wiped with more demanding cleaning solutions. As health professionals and material manufacturers discover specific materials that do not contain bacteria, they can use these materials to design new buildings and retrofit existing buildings.
Dachs said: "Metals like copper have antibacterial properties." "You use this material or other antibacterial materials more frequently on things that people have to touch, and these things can also be washed a lot."
Most theaters are equipped with porous sound-absorbing materials to help create the acoustic environment of the space. Theater managers and acousticians may have to consider replacing fabrics, fiber devices and cork that absorb sound but also provide space for bacteria to grow. On the other hand, replacement of sound-absorbing materials is not as priority as other materials, because it has not been proven that they can save living pathogens than other materials, and customers do not touch them often.
Really threaten the sound balance of the performance space? The customer himself.
"If our seating density in the performance space changes a lot (if public health experts or the public themselves require more space between rows and more space between individual seats), then this will change the surface area and the suction The relationship between acoustic functions. Harrison said. These are the equations we use to predict how the equations will respond in the room, including reverberation. If we increase the audience area by separating people, it will greatly change the room. "
Another way to create a healthier environment is to increase the amount of fresh air in the performance space. Enhanced ventilation systems with advanced filtration systems, such as those in ultra-energy-efficient office buildings, can bring more clean air. Research on building ventilation has shown that in this case, recirculating air and incorrect filtration can cause medical problems for building occupants.
. In addition, reducing recirculation air actually provides a more sustainable opportunity for theaters.
The use of passive heating and ventilation systems can not only provide more fresh air to the occupants, but also reduce energy use, save operating costs, and reduce the carbon emissions of buildings. Buildings like this
in
In Cooperstown, New York, the theater air is filled with fresh air, creating an indoor/outdoor experience. Bringing the outside into the performance space, or moving the performance outside, can easily alleviate concerns about recirculating air and provide space for social events. This may encourage performance venues to work under the constraints of their climate, may change the timing of the seasons or reduce the controllable environment for performers, and protect customers from the rain.
This slideshow requires JavaScript.
All these accommodations (sterilization, flexible spaces, material changes and ventilation updates) will require money. Expand the scale of social venues
The easiest way to reduce the cost of construction projects is to save space and reduce the number of buildings. Theaters cannot magically generate revenue, especially if current performances are cancelled. If the venue reopens in accordance with the social distancing rules, the theater must bear the financial burden of only half of the seats sold, and if the stage and backstage cannot accommodate enough audiences, the theater must reduce the number of performers. This will place performance venues that have been shaken by the current economic uncertainty in fragile financial conditions.
Wilson said: "When the stock market is at historical highs, philanthropy tends to flow in a large amount." "When the stock market affects very generous art charity families or foundations, they will stop and hesitate whenever they write a check. So. It remains to be seen."
However, the current economic crisis may bring a glimmer of hope for venues seeking new construction projects. Economic changes may stabilize the skyrocketing construction costs of the past five years, making owners' funds go further than before the pandemic. However, it is difficult to predict changes in construction costs, and the buildings currently being constructed are also difficult to predict.
Some projects, such as Wilson Butler (Wilson Butler)
Taken in Fort Lauderdale, Florida; some have been postponed; some may never happen. Pat Arrington, vice president of JE Dunn Construction Group, is headquartered in Kansas City, Missouri. He is solving his project in the best way that is safe for customers and construction personnel.
"Project by project, owner by owner, city by city, we must take a step back and recheck our contracts," Arlington said. As an essential service, the building will continue to add preventive measures, but as the buildings are completed, they are still not open according to local health recommendations. "We have hired a third-party (construction) inspector, but the inspector does not currently issue an occupation certificate."
Despite the uncertainty in the construction market, many people hope that after the coronavirus pandemic, the theater industry will return to normal, or a new normal. As with other historical threats, the field will make great strides towards COVID-19. The publicly visible and obvious precautions will accelerate the comfortable return of customers to the theater. Perhaps artists and performers will lead the new normal of theater design and construction.
Dachs said: "We may change art because of this crisis, leading to the emergence of new architectural types." "This may not be the intentional choice of the producer, but the evolution of the artist, which has always been the driving force for the reform of theater design."
©2017
. all rights reserved.
High school theater troupes across the country are trying to do something that even Broadway can’t do-live and remotely broadcast during a pandemic.
Convinced that the performance must continue, the school broadcasted the program live through social media, hosted outdoor performances, performed socially distant performances in the empty theater, and planned to broadcast Charles Dickens’s "Christmas Carol" and other holiday classics Radio show. Involve drama students and audiences.
Studies have shown that the coronavirus can stay in uncirculated air for several hours and can cause infection when people inhale it, especially in enclosed spaces such as theaters, auditoriums, and stadiums. In recent weeks, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention pointed out that the spread of the virus may exceed six feet, which is the standard distance for social evacuation in many schools across the country.
As the number of COVID-19 cases across the country has soared, leading to more schools closing or postponing reopening plans, schools may face difficult decisions about the fate of winter art events, forcing the focus to change from "will the performance continue?" to "should it?" "
Tracey Gatte, the theater director of Harry Truman High School in Levittown, Pennsylvania, said that it is important for students to have no live theater performances for a whole year. This is one of four schools in the United States. Last spring Received the Outstanding School Award from the Educational Theater Association.
The Truman Heights drama program was the inspiration for the NBC TV series "Rise" aired in 2018. Broadway producers also applied to the school for trial broadcasts of popular programs before obtaining permission for the National High School Theater Program.
Gart said: "It is shocking to think that my child cannot be on stage." "I have seen too many directors posting that they had to cancel the rehearsal, or they were shut down, or they had to be quarantined. I don't know what happened to them. [Student's] Hope, and then destroying them in this way is it worth the risk."
I hope that the students can perform in the spring of 2021, and the school staff has recorded tapes in the recording studio to achieve social distancing. The auditorium can accommodate 800 guests. According to current safety guidelines, the auditorium can accommodate more than 100 people.
Outside of schools, the epidemic is generally punishing the performing arts. Broadway is closed in March, and there will be no performances until May 30 at the earliest. Because large indoor gatherings are discouraged, small theaters across the country have closed their doors, took vacations to staff, or switched to low-budget live scripts.
In the spring, the school performance did not improve. A survey conducted by the Educational Theater Association this summer found that nearly 91% of schools cancelled spring performances. In the absence of ticket sales to support budgets, the survey found that nearly 25% of drama teachers and drama directors are cutting budgets this school year.
The association estimates that in 2017 the school sold nearly 50 million performance tickets. In a school year where production costs are bound to soar, this number is bound to drop. The demand for personal protective equipment and cleaning supplies and the unwillingness to use shared clothing and props may lead to barebone production or sideline business.
The Illinois High School Drama Festival, which usually attracts 5,000 high school drama students, has cancelled its January 2021 event and plans to reopen in 2022. If there are no live events, the organization behind the festival will strengthen the activities by providing more virtual courses and activities. produce.
Aimee-Lynn Newlan, executive director of the Illinois Theater Association, said: "The show will continue, and we can adjust as needed." "We will look for ways to make this magic happen."
But in some places, things are less magical.
The precautions taken to ensure student safety will not only change the performance. They are reshaping the theater classroom and the experience of students and teachers. According to the high school drama teacher, classrooms that once flourished due to interaction have become sterile and rigid.
Before the pandemic, at Truman High School, Gate's classroom had sofas and plenty of open space. Visitors will see students scattered on the floor in small groups when viewing the script. The students are still scattered, but now they are sitting on desks instead of sofas, and they are reading parts of the script on a computer screen instead of on paper.
"We have a lot of teachers who have created very cool classrooms with tables, recliners and flexible seating arrangements, and all of this has disappeared," said Amy Miller, director of theater art at New Albany (Indiana) High School.
Theater production is not the only show facing an uncertain winter. Band and chorus performances also pose the risk of coronavirus infection.
The University of Colorado and the University of Maryland are leading a study to explore how singers, actors and musicians spread aerosol particles. The latest round of results released this month focuses on how many aerosols are produced when playing an instrument, singing, performing, talking and dancing. Researchers determined that wearing a mask can reduce aerosol emissions by 60% to 90%, but it cannot eliminate all risks.
According to data released by the National Federation of High School Associations in mid-November, 30 states and the District of Columbia will also postpone the start of high school men's and women's basketball seasons or completely cancel winter sports. Officials have shelved high school wrestling in at least three states, which is considered a high-risk sport for the spread of COVID-19 due to continued contact between participants.
Debates about school extracurricular activities often place public health considerations on the need to keep students in touch with the school during periods of unprecedented uncertainty. Sometimes this kind of debate takes place in unexpected ways.
The University of Wisconsin-Madison released a study in October that showed that the state’s fall high school sports season did not lead to an increase in COVID-19 infections among athletes. However, the Wisconsin State Athletic Association, the governing body of high school sports in the state, cancelled plans for high school football tournaments this month to reduce travel and reduce the risk of the spread of the coronavirus.
Those who advocate finding a way for students to perform, whether on the stage or on the sports field, insist that other factors besides safety are also at work. The American Promise Alliance conducted a survey of 3,300 teenagers this summer and found that in the pandemic, the feeling of unhappiness and disconnection among the country’s youth is on the rise.
"Although the physical health and safety of participants must be maintained first, if students are unable to participate in sports and performing arts, there are still social, emotional and health concerns," Karissa Niehoff executive director of the Federation of State High School Associations in the organization Wrote in the latest newsletter.
Broadway and other professional theater performances are focused on the audience experience, "Education in the school, it is actually about the process and its meaning to students," Educational Drama Association Executive Director Julie Cohen Seybird (Julie Cohen Theobald) said.
Therefore, Roshunda Jones, the theater director of George Washington Carver High School in Houston, held two virtual performances this school year, and is moving forward with plans to host the socialized musical "Dream Girl" in January. Limited, even in the region, the number of COVID-19 infections and hospitalizations is still rising.
In face-to-face classes and after-school rehearsals, Jones wears a mask for 10 to 12 hours a day. She said it pays to keep students in touch. She spent the spring battle to establish contact with students who were overwhelmed by the virtual classroom.
Texas Thespian Hall of Fame member Jones said: "This is the motivation for certain students to go to school and pass the core curriculum." "I hate anyone who says they don't do art now, they will retreat to second place. That would be a one. A huge mistake, because it is a huge motivation for our students."
Some schools are taking a more cautious approach. Donald Amerson, an instructor who teaches sports and Shakespeare courses at the school, said that at the Orange County Art School, a charter school in Santa Ana, California, all works will remain online until June.
Like Truman High School in Pennsylvania, New Albany Heights in Indiana received the "Outstanding School Award" from the Educational Theater Association in April and had to celebrate this achievement with family and friends who shared the news on Facebook.
Miller said that prior to the closure of Jeonju school last spring, the school ended the spring performance of the "Adams Family" musical with "chin hair", but missed the opportunity to launch a new performance at the international school in the summer Thespian Festival. The event is hosted by the Educational Theatre Association and, like other events last summer, it is almost all virtual.
This month, the school cancelled two performances of the reduced bluegrass musical, and then resumed the performance at the last minute, giving parents the opportunity to watch the performance live.
The surge in cases in Floyd County, Indiana, where New Albany is located, has led to new restrictions across the county, including the school district’s decision to allow students to enroll in all distance learning beyond 60 days under a mixed schedule. Alternate days.
As with sports events this fall, school administrators may have to make daily decisions about whether to host student performances. In this sense, rehearsals and performances have become a trick for students and teachers.
"I am not immune to this, nor can I deny that this is a bad fact. We don't know what will happen next week." said Miller, artistic director of the New Albany Theater. "Sometimes, we don't even know what will happen the next day."
Leadership, summer learning, social and emotional learning, art learning, and coverage of after-school time are partly supported by a grant from the Wallace Foundation at www.wallacefoundation.org. Education Week reserves the sole editorial control over the content of this report.
A version of this article appears in
version
Such as
Tyler, Texas — Studio Movie Grill announced that their office in Tyler will be open to the public on Friday, June 19, after being closed for nearly three months.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, SMG closed theaters across the country on March 20.
SMG said in a statement: "It is always our goal to make SMG the best place to watch movies." "Behind the scenes, our team has been working hard to create a cleaner, safer and better SMG for everyone. Experience. We know that going to the movies will feel a little different, but we are together."
SMG stated that they hope to open 7 days a week from late afternoon to evening in the first phase of the reopening, and look forward to quickly returning to standard time.
In order to provide more convenience for your various occasions and various comfort levels, SMG now offers roadside takeaway and delivery service options.
You can turn off notifications at any time in your browser settings.
Set value
cancel
group
Have an existing account?
Already subscribed?
No account yet?
Let your friends in your social network know what you are reading
Together mode allows users to share the background with up to 49 participants, making them feel like they are sitting in the same room.
The link has been sent to your friend's email address.
The link has been posted to your Facebook feed.
The new update of Microsoft Teams can make work meetings more interesting.
Together mode allows users to share the background with up to 49 participants, making them feel like they are sitting in the same room.
The update uses AI segmentation technology to digitally place participants in a shared background, making users feel like they are sitting in the same room as other people in the meeting or class.
Users can choose from different views, such as auditorium, coffee bar or conference table.
The Microsoft statement said: "The common mode makes meetings more attractive by helping you focus on the facial expressions and body language of others, and making it easier for people to grasp the nonverbal cues that are important to human interaction."
The combination model with an auditorium background has been launched and will be fully available in August. Microsoft announced that there will be more views in the future.
The team is releasing other updates, including manual enhancement and emoji creation tools, whiteboard support, Cortana integration and meeting minutes.
©2021 America Today, a subsidiary of Gannett Satellite Information Network Co., Ltd.
advertising
supporter
After Curry scored 62 points and exploded (57 years in office), Fred Kast retired and became the official scorer of the Golden State Warriors.
Fred Kast has been the official scorer of the Golden State Warriors for 57 years. He has a lot of basketball career. Rear
For the Warriors on Sunday night, Custer received a call from a close friend of his on Monday morning.
"You know, in every basket made by Curry, I can hear him yelling,'Thank you, Fred!'" Custer recalled his friend saying to him. "He is pulling my leg."
Custer will turn 82 this month. He has recorded every shot, every free throw, every foul and every time out in almost all Warriors home games since 1963-64. He records the statistics in a spiral-bound notebook issued by the NBA, which is sent to the league office at the end of each season. In leagues that have seen their share of technological progress, the official scorer (the person who records the most important element of each game) is a step backwards, and each team has one. Somewhere in the NBA archives, there is a small library of Custer crafts.
Custer perfected his craft through about 20 coaching changes, 23 playoff appearances and 4 championship games, in no less than 6 arenas (including Bull Palace, San Francisco Municipal Auditorium and
. However, nothing will last forever, and Custer will retire after the Warriors vs. Los Angeles Clippers game on Friday night. As news began to circulate among his friends and colleagues this week-Kast wanted to keep quiet-they tried to document what it meant.
Brett Yamaguchi, the team's long-term senior director of game operations, said: "This shocked the system." "He has become part of the Warriors basketball organization."
Custer has no plans to quit this season, but the interference caused by the coronavirus pandemic made him realize that it is time. The staff sitting at the scorer's table this season need to take two negative tests for the virus three days before the start of the game, and collect them every 24 hours. This means that Custer sometimes has to take an extra three hours round trip from his home in San Jose, California, so that it can be tested on stage.
Caster said: "And my night vision is not over."
The pandemic is difficult for him in other ways. His wife, Nita, fell ill and lived in a skilled nursing facility. He said that because of the coronavirus treatment plan, Custer rarely saw her, and when he did, it was seen through the glass window. They have been married for 41 years.
Custer said: "If I can change places with her, I will be happy to do so." Custer said that she has two stepsons and three grandchildren.
Before retiring, Kast was busy with work and has played three home games this week. He will be replaced by Kyle McRae, who served as a Warriors statistician for 30 years. Kast has been mentoring Kevin Chung. He will assist McRae by providing Chung with a few copies of the works of the last few games so that he can study them; some Blank pages so that he can practice by himself.
Caster said: "The game will not stop because you have not recorded something correctly." "This is not an easy task. But the more you do it, the easier it becomes."
Before serving as Executive Vice President of NBA Basketball Operations, Kiki VanDeWeghe worked at
Kast has recorded his statistics many times.
VanDeWeghe said: "He helped establish an example of how to complete the official scorer job at a high level." "I will miss what he saw in the center court seat."
Kast grew up in Rahway, New Jersey, and probably got his basketball genes from his mother, Marie, who played halftime when she was young. His father, Fred, worked for a brokerage firm on Wall Street and parked his car in a nearby garage with a basketball hoop.
Caster said: "So I will shoot basketball when Dad is washing the car."
Kast tends to compete for other reasons: he is tall. By the time he was in high school, he was close to 6 feet 6 inches and he was very promising. He eventually went to Duke University as a basketball scholarship to help the team win the first Atlantic Coast Conference championship. He also has one
And then starred in West Virginia.
Caster said: "I think he scored about 30 points in the first half, which gives you some clues about my defensive efficiency." (Custer was a bit humble; West only got in that game 29 points.)
After graduation, Kast went to California to work in sales for a medical supplies company. Although he loves the game, he believes that his only connection with basketball will be the fans. He will stumble upon a part-time job, which will bring him closer to the action than he thought.
He said: "It's just being in the right place at the right time without knowing it."
In the fall of 1963, shortly after moving to the Bay Area, Kast bought a ticket and looked at the Warriors and Wilt Chamberlain, whom he had seen on the summer basketball court. At Cow Palace, after the team moved off-road from Philadelphia. Before Kast arrived at his seat, he ran into a college friend who was working at the scorer's table. A friend asked Custer if he was willing to help.
"Of course, I would be happy to do this." Custer recalled. "Where do I sit?"
"Just in the midfield," his friend said.
Custer said he became the team's official scorer later that season. In four seasons, he commuted from Sacramento and battled the late night fog of a 90-mile drive. After retiring from 37 years of sales work in 1999, he continued to maintain his results, which was a hard professional job.
He said, "Well, everything I do is like that." "My opinion is that if you do something, do it right or not."
Yamaguchi, who
For the team, when he was sitting next to Custer at the scorer's table when he was working in his early years, he felt Custer's meticulousness. They paired strangely. While Kast was sitting with his pen and pen, Yamaguchi supervised what he called "all craziness".
Yamaguchi said, "Fred is really a purist, I just remember hearing,'Hey, can you reject that music?' I was like: "Okay, Fred! absolute! '"
People who find jobs at the Warriors’ scorer table tend to keep them. Jim Maher has held various positions in the Warriors for more than 50 years, most recently as their game clock operator. Lori Hoye (Lori Hoye) has been the team's chief statistician since 1989 and now leads a four-person working group to track statistics in the game on a computer system.
The 61-year-old Hoye has a long-term cooperation with Kast. Kast's transcript is an official record, with precise writing. ("What if the computer goes down?" Custer said.) He uses two pens: a black pen to record symbols in real time, and a red pen to summarize the totals at the end of each quarter.
Hoy said: "We are all trying to make sure we have the same numbers." The coach hinders you. Players will hinder you. When a foul occurs, we always try to find the referee's finger. The worst thing is to have players 45, 54 and 9 appear on the court at the same time. "
She added with a smile: "When Fred is not here, it doesn't look real."
Kast will continue to watch the Warriors at home and watch one of his favorite TV shows "Dancing with the Stars". In some ways, since he no longer needs to pay close attention to work, he may be more likely to enjoy the drama of the team. He admired the speed of modern games, and
.
Caster said: "His shooting ability is incredible," he never thought he would sit in the front row seat for such a long time.
He is grateful that he has only one.
Copyright © Guangdong Fumei Furniture Industrial Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved. | Sitemap | Technical Support:
Links: